PSG has now secured the prestigious trophy on 14 different occasions.
The Parisian giants needed a stoppage-time equaliser followed by a perfect penalty shootout to overcome Marseille in Kuwait and secure a fourth straight French Super Cup victory.
The Champions League holders seemed to be sailing towards a straightforward win in the match between the French league winners and the Coupe de France winners after the French winger found the scoring early on.
However, the southern French side fired two times late to seize a surprise advantage. Initially, Mason Greenwood converted from the penalty spot, before the defender unfortunately turned the ball into his own net for an own-goal.
In a remarkable turn of events, Goncalo Ramos snatched a vital equaliser in the final moments to force the match into a deciding shootout. The Parisian shot-stopper Chevalier then stood as the key figure, stopping decisive attempts from Matt O'Riley and Hamed Traore.
From the spot, Ramos, Vitinha, Nuno Mendes, and the young talent all converted successfully for Paris Saint-Germain to seal a 4-1 shootout victory.
The record champions Paris Saint-Germain, who faced last season's Ligue 1 second-placed team Olympique de Marseille after achieving a domestic double, have now lifted this competition for the 12th time in the last 13 seasons.